The serial interface sends the data in little blocks of one byte with one start bit and one stop bit, the USART does all the job about the setting of the start and stop bits. The serial protocol is a fairly old protocol created many years ago it was used by Teletypes and terminals, its also a robust protocol(at least when we use the RS-232 standard that involves +12v and -12v or more so its immune to noise and can cope with long transmission lines), the serial protocol uses 2 wires, one to receive data and other to send data, and of course you must have a shared ground between your arduino/micro-controller and the other device. Hello again, today I will continue with my tutorial series and I write a bit about the USART(or UART in other avr models), the USART give us the possibility to have a serial port, and that is a pretty nice thing to have, because it can be used for example to upload programs to our Arduino(via bootloader), to have a communication channel between our micro-controller and our computer, or to talk to some sensors/chips, the most used ones are serial backpacks for lcd’s and graphical lcd’s and GPS modules that use almost always an serial interface.
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